What are two common safeguards that reduce the risk of unintentional initiation during handling?

• A. Strict adherence to established procedures.
• B. Approved handling equipment and strict adherence to established procedures; bonding/grounding where applicable.
• C. Kinetic energy absorption devices only.
• D. No special safeguards are necessary.

Answer: (B)

Preventing unintentional initiation during handling relies on two practical safeguards. First, using approved handling equipment and following established procedures mitigates both physical shocks and human error—equipment is designed for safe movement of munitions, and strict procedures ensure consistent, controlled handling. Bonding and grounding where applicable reduce the risk from static electricity by equalizing potential between containers and equipment, preventing sparks that could ignite sensitive energetic materials. These together address both energy transfer during handling and electrical initiation sources. The other choices fall short because they omit either the equipment/procedural safeguards or the electrical safety step, or they focus on a single aspect (like only kinetic energy absorption) without covering the full risk-reduction needs.